Tokyo, Kyoto, Nara and Osaka, Japan in Summer (June, 2024) 夏季的日本东京、京都、奈良和大阪 （2024 年 6 月）

Shibuya Crossing is located in front of the Shibuya Station Hachikō exit and stops vehicles at red light in all directions to allow pedestrians to pass the entire intersection. It is likely the world’s busiest pedestrian crossing. During its busiest times, an estimated 1,000 to 2,500 people forge their way across this intersection every two minutes.

涩谷十字路口位于涩谷站八公出口前面，所有方向的车辆都会在红灯亮时被拦下，以便行人通过整个十字路口。它可能是世界上最繁忙的人行横道。在最繁忙的时候，估计每两分钟就有 1,000 到 2,500 人穿过这个十字路口。

Tokyo Tower is officially Japan Radio Tower. It is completed in 1958, with height of, 332.9 meters, and used for a communications and observation tower in the district of Shiba-koen in Minato. From the top of the tower one can overlook the entire city.

东京塔正式名称为日本无线电塔。它于 1958 年建成，高 332.9 米，是日本东京港区芝公园的一座通讯和观景塔。人们从塔顶可以俯瞰整个城市。

The Imperial Palace is the main residence of the Emperor of Japan. It was built upon the site of Edo Castle, home to the Shogun before 1868. The surroundings offer a peaceful green contrast to the steel and glass of downtown Tokyo’s modern office buildings.

皇宫是日本天皇的主要住所。皇宫建于江户城旧址，1868 年之前为幕府将军的居所。皇宫周围环境宁静宜人，与东京市中心现代化办公楼的钢铁和玻璃形成鲜明对比。

Built in 1920, Meiji Shrine is a Shinto shrine in Shibuya, Tokyo, to commemorate the virtues of Emperor Meiji and Empress Shoken. However, the shrine does no have the emperor’s grave, which is located at Fushimi-momoyama, south of Kyoto.

明治神宫建于 1920 年，是东京涩谷的一座神社，用于纪念明治天皇和昭宪皇后的美德。不过，神社内没有天皇的坟墓，坟墓位于京都南部的伏见桃山。

Senso-ji is the oldest Buddhist temple in Tokyo and also called Asakusa Kannon dedicated to Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion. Structures in the temple complex include the main hall, a five-story pagoda and large gates. True and fake believers are bustling here, busy praying for a good marriage, wealth and good luck.

浅草寺是东京最古老的佛教寺庙，也被称为浅草观音，供奉着慈悲的观世音菩萨。寺庙建筑群包括主殿、五层宝塔和大门。真假信徒熙熙攘攘, 在这里忙碌地祈祷，祈求好姻缘、财富和好运。

The oldest is a traditional Japanese landscape garden featuring large ponds dotted with islands and bridges. it was originally a residence of the Naitō family in the Edo period, now a public garden. The garden is one of the best places to see cherry blossoms in the spring or foliage in the autumn. But in the summer, we can only see the beautiful Japanese garden that blends in with the city skyline.

新宿御苑是是一座最古老的传统日本园林，里面有大池塘，池塘里点缀着岛屿和桥梁。它最初是江户时代内藤家族的住所，现在是一座公共花园。这座花园是春天赏樱花、秋天赏枫的最佳地点之一。但在夏天，我们只能看到与城市天际线融为一体的美丽的日式花园。

The Tokyo National Museum is one of the largest and best art and archeological artifact museum in Ueno Park in the Taitō ward of Tokyo, Japan. It is one of the four museums operated by the National Institutes for Cultural Heritage. It houses more than 100,000 exhibits, including nearly 100 national treasures. During my half-day visit, I was only able to quickly browse the most exotic exhibits.、.

东京国立博物馆是日本东京台东区上野公园内规模最大、品质最高的艺术和考古文物博物馆之一。它是日本国立文化遗产机构运营的四座博物馆之一。馆内藏有超过 10 万件展品，其中包括近百件国宝。在半天的参观时间里，我只能快速浏览最令人惊奇的展品。

This mountainside Shinto shrine dating from 711 A.D., dedicated to Inari, the deity of a good harvest and success in business. Fushimi Inari Taisha is the head of all of Japan’s Inari shrines, featuring a path with hundreds of traditional vibrant orange torii gates that line the approach to Mt. Inari, making one of the most famous images of Japan.

这座位于半山腰的神社建于公元 711 年，供奉稻荷神，即祈求丰收和生意兴隆的神明。伏见稻荷大社是日本所有稻荷神社的总社，其特色是一条通往稻荷山的道路两边排列着数百座传统的鲜艳橙色鸟居，是日本最著名的景色之一。

Higashi Honganji Temple, or “the Eastern Monastery of the Original Vow”, is just ten minutes’ walk from Kyoto Station. It was established in 1602 by the shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu when he split the Shin sect in two (Nishi Honganji being the other) in order to diminish its power. The temple was first built in its present location in 1658.

东本愿寺，又称“本愿东方寺院”，距离京都站仅 10 分钟步行路程。该寺由幕府将军德川家康于 1602 年创建，当时他将真宗一分为二（另一个是西本愿寺），以削弱其势力。该寺最初于 1658 年在现址建造。

Kinkaku-ji (金閣寺, Golden Pavilion) , officially named Rokuon-ji, is a Zen Buddhist temple in Kyoto, whose top two floors are completely covered in gold leaf. Its shining surface reflects into the kyoko-chi, or Mirror Pond. Stationed at the foot of Kinugasa Hill, the temple grounds are wooded and present a lovely place for strolling and meditation.

金阁寺（金阁寺）正式名称为鹿苑寺，是京都的一座禅宗佛教寺庙，其顶部两层完全贴满金箔。其闪亮的表面映入镜池。寺庙位于衣笠山脚下，院内树木繁茂，是散步和冥想的好地方。

Kiyomizu Temple, with over 1200 years of history, is a Buddhist temple deep along a stone path amid a thick grove of trees located in eastern Kyoto. It is the foremost training hall for Tendai Esotericism in the San-in region. Its principal object of worship is the Juichimen Kannon Bosatsu (lit. “the 11-faced statue of Kannon”). It is famous as a temple for driving away evil. The temple is part of the Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto UNESCO World Heritage Site.

清水寺位于京都东部，是一座拥有 1200 多年历史的佛教寺庙，位于茂密的树林中的石路深处。它是山阴地区天台宗最重要的修行殿堂。其主要崇拜对象是十一面观音菩萨（字面意思是“十一面观音像”）。它是一座著名的驱邪寺。该寺是联合国教科文组织世界遗产古京都历史古迹的一部分。

Nishiki Market (錦市場, Nishiki Ichiba) is a narrow, five block long shopping street lined by more than one hundred shops and restaurants selling seafood, produce, souvenirs, crafts, and Japanese snacks in downtown Kyoto. After enjoying sea food lunch in the market, we visisted the Samurai Ninja Museum adjacen to the market.

锦市场（Nishiki Ichiba）是京都市中心一条狭窄的五条街长的购物街，街道两旁有一百多家商店和餐馆，出售海鲜、农产品、纪念品、工艺品和日本小吃。在市场享用海鲜午餐后，我们还参观了市场旁边的武士忍者博物馆。

Ōkōchi Sansō is the former home and garden of the Japanese jidaigeki (period film) actor Denjirō Ōkōchi in Arashiyama, Kyoto. It is known for its gardens and views of the Kyoto area. These peaceful gardens next to the Arashiyama bamboo forest are a great break away from all the crowds.

大河内山庄是日本时代剧演员大河内传次郎在京都岚山的故居和花园。这里以花园和可以窥见京都地区景色而闻名。宁静的花园毗邻岚山竹林，是远离喧嚣的绝佳去处。

Sanjusangendo literally means “hall with 33 spaces between the columns”, describing the architecture of the main hall of the temple, Rengeou-in Temple, which is 120 meters long (the longest wooden building in the world). It is an ancien Japanese Tendai sect temple, located in Shichijo, Higashiyama District, Kyoto City. It is famous in Japan for enshrining a thousand statues of Guanyin. The main hall is a national treasure of Japan, and the most wonderful temple building in Kyoto.

三十三间堂的字面意思是“柱子之间有三十三个空隙的大厅”，描述的是寺庙主殿莲华院的建筑，该殿长 120 米（世界上最长的木结构建筑）。它是一座古老的日本天台宗寺庙，位于京都市东山区七条。它因供奉一千尊观音像而闻名于日本。主殿是日本的国宝，也是京都最精美的寺庙建筑。

Tenryuji Temple was built in 1339 and is the main temple of the Tenryuji sect of the Rinzai sect. It was once a large-scale temple complex consisting of more than 100 temples. Today, only a part of the structure remains. The garden here is one of the best examples of traditional Japanese garden design. The most famous one is the Sogen Pond Garden. In sunny days, the waterscape in the garden reflects the colorful trees and blue sky and white clouds, and there are also static water waves made of sand, which is unique. Tenryuji Temple is a world cultural heritage.

天龙寺建于1339 年，是临济宗天龙寺派的总寺院， 曾是一組规模宏大的寺庙建築群，由一百多座子组成。如今，只有一部分结构保留了下来。这里的庭园是日本传统庭园设计的最佳典范之一。 里面最有名的是曹源池庭园，在有阳光的天气下，庭园中的水景倒映出多彩的树林和蓝天白云， 还有沙子堆成的静态水波，别具一格。天龙寺是世界文化遗产。

The Gion District in Kyoto is Japan’s most famous geisha neighborhood. Charming traditional buildings line both sides of the streets, with courtyards adorned with lanterns and elegant townhouse-style restaurants, creating an atmosphere straight out of a fairytale. Hanamikoji Street is the most renowned lane within the Gion District, bustling with handsome men and pretty women, although it’s rare to encounter a geisha passing by.

Strolling through this historic area, surrounded by traditional wooden shops and quaint tea houses, one might see elderly Japanese locals sitting under umbrellas on the street, sipping sake and playing chess. It feels like stepping back in time.

京都的祗园区是日本最著名的艺伎聚居区。街道两边迷人的传统建筑比比皆是。 庭院里点缀着灯笼，还有优雅的联排别墅式餐厅，仿佛置身于童话故事中。花见小路是祗园区内最著名的小街，无数的俊男靓女穿梭其间，只是很难遇 见艺伎过往。

漫步这个有悠久历史的地区，在传统的木制商铺和古雅的茶屋边，见日本老人在街头支着伞喝着清酒下棋，让人有种穿越的感觉。

Yasaka Shrine, formerly known as Gion Shrine, is a shrine in the Gion district of Kyoto, Japan. The shrine is located at the eastern end of Shijo-dori and consists of several buildings, including a gate, the main hall, and a stage. The shrine is best known for the Gion Matsuri in July, one of Japan’s most celebrated festivals.

八坂神社，曾被称为祗园神社，是日本京都祗园区的一座神社。该神社位于四条通的东端，包括几座建筑，包括大门、主殿和舞台。这座神社最出名的是七月的祗园祭，这是日本最著名的节日之一。

Todaiji Temple is a Buddhist temple complex that was once one of the Seven Great Temples of Japan, located in the city of Nara, Japan. The temple was built to imitate the highly revered Chinese temples of the Tang Dynasty. In addition to the Great Buddha, Todaiji Temple also houses many national treasures and cultural assets, so the temple itself was listed as a Historic Monument of Ancient Nara by the UNESCO World Heritage Convention in 1998.

Todaiji Temple is located in Nara Park, Nara’s most iconic attraction, famous for the deer that roam freely. Almost all tourists cannot help feeding these deer, who never seem to be afraid of people.

东大寺是一座佛教寺庙建筑群，曾是日本七大寺庙之一，位于日本奈良市。该寺庙的建造是为了模仿备受推崇的唐朝中国寺庙。除了大佛之外，东大寺还拥有众多国宝和文化资产，因此该寺庙本身于 1998 年被联合国教科文组织世界遗产公约列为古奈良历史古迹。

东大寺位于奈良公园内，奈良公园是奈良最具代表性的景点，有随意游荡的鹿而闻名。几乎所有游客都会忍不住喂食这些似乎不怕人的鹿。

Dotonbori is an area in Osaka that is a popular spot for tourists and revelers, runing along the Dōtonbori canal from Dōtonboribashi Bridge to Nipponbashi Bridge in the Namba district of the city’s Chūō ward. It is filled with towering neon lights, nightclubs, bars, and restaurants serving local specialties. It is a must-visit when you wish to experience the exciting Osaka nightlife.

道顿堀是大阪一个深受游客和寻欢作乐者喜爱的地区，位于道顿堀运河沿岸，从道顿堀桥一直延伸到中央区难波区的日本桥。这里到处都是霓虹灯、夜总会、酒吧和供应当地特色菜的餐厅。如果您想体验令人兴奋的大阪夜生活，这里是必去之地。

Osaka Castle is the most famous landmark in Osaka. Most people consider it to be “Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s castle,” but in fact, Osaka Castle’s predecessor was Ishiyama Hongan-ji, built by Rennyo Shonin, a prominent member of the Pure Land sect during Japan’s Warring States period. The castle was later invaded by Oda Nobunaga and came under the control of the Oda clan. After his death, Toyotomi Hideyoshi constructed Osaka Castle in 1583 on the site of Ishiyama Hongan-ji. In 1615, during the Summer Siege of Osaka, the Toyotomi clan was overthrown, and the main keep (tenshu) was burned down. Subsequently, the Tokugawa shogunate took over Osaka Castle, dismantled the stone walls and moats from the Toyotomi era, and rebuilt the main keep. Unfortunately, it was struck by lightning and burned down again in 1665. After that, Osaka Castle had no main keep. The current main keep was reconstructed in 1931, funded by citizens in response to a call from the then mayor of Osaka. It was built on the foundation of the keep constructed during the Tokugawa period, referencing the appearance of the main keep from the Toyotomi era as depicted in the “Screen of the Summer Siege of Osaka.”

大阪城是大阪最著名的地标。一般人认为它是“丰臣秀吉的城堡”，但其实大阪城的前身是石山本愿寺，由日本战国时期净土宗的杰出成员莲如上人所建。后来，这座城堡被织田信长入侵，并被织田氏控制。在他去世后，丰臣秀吉于1583年在石山本愿寺的遗址上建造了大阪城。1615年，在大阪夏之阵期间，丰臣氏被推翻，天守阁被烧毁。随后，德川幕府接管了大阪城，拆除了丰臣时代的石墙和护城河，并重建了天守阁。不幸的是，它在1665年遭雷击再次被焚毁。之后，大阪城再也没有天守阁。现在的天守阁是在1931年由市民响应当时大阪市长的号召捐款，在德川时代建造的天守台基础上，参考了“大坂夏之阵图屏风”上描绘的丰臣时代天守阁的外观重建的。