Journey to Kenya-1: Birds, vibrant lives (Summer, 2023). 肯尼亚之旅-1: 鸟类, 绚丽多姿的生命(2023年夏天)

This summer, after a year of preparation, our trip to Kenya to explore wildlife, especially birds, finally took place. East Africa, where Kenya is located, is home to more than 1,400 species of birds, including migratory and endemic to Africa. Although we were not on a dedicated bird photography tour this time, we still observed hundreds of species of birds. Through the naked eye or a telephoto lens, we watched those vivid lives, flying, wading or walking in such a graceful, gentle or aggressive way, which were eye-catching, and at the same time we exclaimed the wonder of nature. This feeling cannot be described in words, and I could only capture these heart-warming moments with my cameras. What freezes in these moments is not just the display of birds, but the joy and eternity of life.

Below are some representative photos I took in several nature reserves in Kenya.

经过一年的准备，今年夏天我们终于实现了去肯尼亚观看野生动物，特别是鸟类的愿望。 肯尼亚所在的东非有1,400多种鸟类驻足, 是许多候鸟和非洲特有的鸟的家园。 虽然我们这次不是专门的鸟类摄影团， 但我们仍然观察到了上百种鸟类。通过眼晴或长焦镜头， 我们看到了那些充满激情的生命，以如此优雅、温柔或咄咄逼人的方式飞翔、涉水或行走，令人赏心悦目; 同时我们也感叹大自然的奇妙。这种感觉无法用语言描述，我也只能用相机捕捉这些令人心动的那瞬间。这些瞬间凝固的不只是鸟儿的展现，而是生命的喜悦和永恒。

以下是我在肯尼亚几个自然保护区拍摄的一些代表性的照片。

The Lilac-breasted Roller (Coracias caudatus) is a dazzling bird lived in sub-Saharan Africa including Kenya. It boasts a medium-sized body with striking plumage, featuring lilac-pink underparts, a blue throat, cobalt-blue crown, and turquoise and blue wings. Known for its aerial prowess, it performs captivating flight displays during courtship and territorial disputes. Their melodious chirps and trills add to their charm. They nest in tree hollows and inhabit diverse environments, from woodlands to savannas, and feed on insects and small vertebrates. and are iconic symbols of Africa’s vibrant avian life.

Because it is so dazzling, Lilac-breasted Roller is revered as one of the national birds of Kenya (the rooster is another) and is also the unofficial national bird of Botswana.

紫胸佛法僧(罗鹬)（Coracias caudatus)是一种生活在非洲撒哈拉以南（包括肯尼亚）漂亮的飞鸟。

它体型中等，羽毛引人注目，淡紫色的下体，蓝色的喉咙，钴蓝色的王冠以及绿松石色和蓝色的翅膀。 它有很强的空中能力，在求偶和领地争端时会表现出进行高超的飞行水平。 它的魅力还来自于其悠扬的鸣叫声和颤音。

它们在树洞中筑巢，栖息在林地到疏林草原的不同环境中，以捕食昆虫和小型脊椎动物为生。 它是非洲魅力四射绚丽多姿的鸟类的象征。

正因为它如此光彩夺目，紫胸佛法僧被尊为肯尼亚的国鸟之一（公鸡是另一种），也是博茨瓦纳非正式的国鸟。

The Grey crowned crane (Balearica regulorum) is a striking and iconic bird native to eastern and southern Africa. Standing about 3 feet tall, it is known for its distinctive appearance, featuring a grey body, white wings with black tips, and a striking crown of golden feathers atop its head. These regal birds inhabit wetlands, grasslands, and savannas, using their long legs and necks to forage for insects, small vertebrates, and plant matter. They are highly social, often seen in pairs or small groups, and engage in elaborate courtship dances characterized by graceful leaps and calls. Unfortunately, they face threats from habitat loss and poaching。 In 2012 it was uplisted from vulnerable to endangered bird by the IUCN.

灰冠鹤（Balearica regulorum)原产于非洲东部和南部, 是非常引人注目的标志性鸟类。它外观独特，灰色的身体、带有黑色尖端的白色翅膀，头顶有一顶引人注目的金色羽毛王冠， 站高约 3 英尺。

这种富丽堂皇的鸟类栖息在湿地、草原和疏林草原上，利用它们的长腿和脖子来捕食昆虫、小型脊椎动物和植物。 它们具有高度社交性，经常成对或小群出现，求爱时的舞蹈精心设计，优雅的跳跃和鸣叫声是其特证。

不幸的是，它们面临着栖息地丧失和偷猎的威胁。 2012年，它被世界自然保护联盟从易危升级为濒危动物。

The Grey-headed kingfisher (Halcyon leucocephala) is a captivating bird found across sub-Saharan Africa. This striking avian species boasts a vibrant appearance, featuring a deep blue-green back, wings, and tail, contrasting with a grey head and white throat. With an average length of around 20 centimeters, these kingfishers are relatively small, yet their plumage makes them stand out in their lush, wooded habitats. Renowned for their expert fishing skills, they hunt primarily along riverbanks, lakeshores, and ponds, swooping down to catch fish and aquatic insects with remarkable precision. Their distinctive calls echo through the forest, adding to the charm of encountering these remarkable birds in the wild.

This bird also once existed in China。 In Qing dynasty, the beautiful feathers were used for decorate in the hats or hairstyles by wealthy women.

​灰头翠鸟 (Halcyon leucocephala) 是一种遍布撒哈拉以南非洲迷人的鸟类。 这种特别的鸟类拥有鲜艳的外观，有深蓝绿色的背部、翅膀和尾巴，与灰色的头部和白色的喉咙形成相得益彰。

这些翠鸟的平均长度约为 20 厘米，体型相对较小，但它们的羽毛使它们在茂密的树木繁茂的栖息地中一目了然。

他们捕鱼技巧高超，主要沿着河岸、湖岸和池塘捕猎，以惊人的精确度俯冲捕捉鱼类和水生昆虫。 它们的叫声独特， 林子里回声响亮，吸引人们去寻找这些不同凡响的鸟类。

这种鸟也曾经在中国存在过。在清代，美丽的羽毛被富家妇女用来装饰帽子或发型。

The Malachite kingfisher (Corythornis cristatus) is a petite river kingfisher native to sub-Saharan Africa. Measuring about 13 centimeters in length, it boasts brilliant azure and emerald plumage, with a striking red bill. It is often found near water, but not quite as dependent on water as other African species.

孔雀石翠鸟（Corythornis cristatus）是一种小型河边翠鸟，原产于撒哈拉以南非洲。 它身长约 13 厘米，拥有明亮的天蓝色和翠绿色的羽毛，以及引人注目的红色喙。 它经常在水附近发现，但不像其它非洲物种那样依赖水。

The Superb starling (Lamprotornis superbus) is a colorful bird native to East Africa. Characterized by its glossy iridescent blue and orange plumage, it’s a striking sight. Living in open woodlands and savannas, it often gathers in large flocks, showcasing their vibrant colors and engaging in vocal displays of whistles and chattering calls. Their adaptability to urban environments has made them a common sight in East African cities.

超级八哥（Lamprotornis superbus）是一种原产于东非的色彩缤纷的鸟类。 它的特点是有光泽的虹彩蓝色和橙色羽毛，非常引人注目。

它生活在开阔的林地和稀树草原上，经常聚集成大群，展示它们鲜艳的色彩，并发出口哨声和喋喋不休的叫声。 它们对环境适应能力很强，在东非城市周围随处可见。

The Yellow-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus africanus) is a bird species, known for its mutualistic relationship with large mammals, such as rhinos and buffaloes. It has a distinct yellow beak, a brown or gray back, and a white belly. The beak is large, the claws are sharp and curved, and the tail is full of feathers and very stiff. The species has two types, the red-billed oxpecker and the yellow-billed oxpecker, both of which have golden eyes. It can peck open the animal’s skin. While drinking its blood and eating its flesh, the bird pick up parasites and ticks in the wound. When an enemy of its symbiotic animal comes to attack, the bird will fly up and down and continuously cry to alert it until the animal realizes the danger coming.

黄嘴啄木鸟（Buphagus africanus）是非洲的鸟类，以与犀牛和水牛等大型哺乳动物的互惠关系而闻名。它有明显的黄色喙，背面呈褐色或灰色，腹部为白色。鸟嘴很大，爪子锋利而弯曲，尾巴长满羽毛，十分硬挺。

牛椋鸟分为两种，即红嘴牛椋鸟和黄嘴牛椋鸟，都长有金黄色眼睛。它会啄开动物的皮肤，饮其血，食其肉，也会顺便抓起伤口中的寄生虫和扁虱。

牛椋鸟会在其共生动物的敌人前来偷袭时，飞上飞下，叫个不停，提醒它注意，直到动物意识到危险来临。

The name of the Greater Blue-eared Starling (Lamprotornis chalybaeus) is derived from the vibrant blue ear coverts that adorn its head. This medium-sized starling showcases iridescent plumage with a remarkable blend of electric blue and green hues, often with hints of violet and chestnut. The birds are highly adaptable, making them a common sight in a variety of habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, and savannas. They are known for their melodious calls and unique social behavior, often forming flocks that create a mesmerizing spectacle of color and sound in the African landscape.

大蓝耳椋鸟 (Lamprotornis chalybaeus) 的名字源自其头部色彩鲜艳的蓝色耳罩。 这种中等体型的椋鸟展现出虹彩般的羽毛，电蓝色和绿色色调的完美融合，通常带有淡淡的紫罗兰色和栗色。

这些鸟类的适应性很强，可以在各种栖息地包括林地、草原和稀树草原中很容易见到。 它们以其悠扬的叫声和独特的社交行为而闻名，经常成群结队，在非洲大地上营造出声色奇观。

Rüppell’s Starling(Lamprotornis purpuroptera) goes by various names, including Rueppell’s Glossy-Starling or Rueppell’s Long-tailed Starling. Indigenous to the arid regions of East Africa. This bird is characterized by its striking iridescent plumage, displaying a glossy purple-blue hue on its body and long tail feathers. These starlings are highly social, often found in flocks, and their vocalizations consist of a mix of melodious whistles and calls. They primarily feed on fruits, insects, and nectar, contributing to seed dispersal and pollination in their ecosystem.

鲁佩尔椋鸟（Lamprotornis purpuroptera）有多种名称，包括鲁佩尔光泽椋鸟或鲁佩尔长尾椋鸟。 原产于东非干旱地区。 这种鸟的特点是其引人注目的彩虹色羽毛，身体和长尾羽呈现出光泽的紫蓝色调。

这些椋鸟具有高度群居性，经常成群结队，它们的声音由口哨声和叫声组成， 极其悠扬动听。 鲁佩尔椋鸟主要以水果、昆虫和花蜜为食，有助于生态系统中的种子传播和授粉。

The Blue-breasted Bee-eater (Merops variegatus) is characterized by its stunning plumage, it boasts vibrant emerald-green upperparts, a striking blue throat and breast, and a long, pointed, black beak. These medium-sized bee-eaters primarily feed on flying insects, including bees and wasps, which they catch in mid-air with incredible precision. Blue-breasted bee-eaters are often found in savannas, woodlands, and open areas, where they nest in burrows dug into riverbanks.

蓝胸食蜂鸟（Merops variegatus）的特点是其令人惊叹的羽毛，它色彩鲜艳的翠绿色上半身，引人注目的蓝色喉咙和胸部，以及长而尖的黑色喙。 这些中型蜂虎主要以飞行昆虫包括蜜蜂和黄蜂为食，它们在半空中以令人难以置信的精确度捕获这些昆虫。

蓝胸食蜂鸟通常在稀树草原、林地和开阔地区河岸上开挖的洞穴筑巢。

The Taita Fiscal (Lanius dorsalis), also known as the Taita Fiscal Shrike, is a small and distinctive bird species native to the Taita Hills in southeastern Kenya. Measuring around 20 centimeters in length, it exhibits sexually dimorphic plumage. Males are predominantly black with a white patch on their wings and a long, narrow tail, while females have a brownish-gray back with a white belly.

Taita Fiscals inhabit montane forests and shrublands, where they feed primarily on insects and occasionally small vertebrates. They are known for their sharp, hooked bills, which they use to capture prey. Unfortunately, these birds are considered vulnerable due to habitat destruction and habitat fragmentation in their limited range, making conservation efforts crucial for their survival.

泰塔伯劳 (Lanius dorsalis)，也称为泰塔伯劳鸟，是一种小型而独特的鸟类，原产于肯尼亚东南部的泰塔山。 它身长约20厘米，具有两性异形的羽毛。 雄性主要为黑色，翅膀上有白色斑点，尾巴又长又窄，而雌性则有棕灰色的背部和白色的腹部。

泰塔伯劳栖息在山地森林和灌木丛中，主要以昆虫为食，偶尔也以小型脊椎动物为食。 它们有出名的锋利、带钩的喙，用来捕捉猎物。

不幸的是，由于栖息地破坏和在它们本以有限的栖息范围内人为分割，这些鸟类的生存在环境已认为很脆弱，因此加强保护对于它们的生存至关重要。

the Kalahari Scrub Robin (Cercotricha paena) is a small bird species native to the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa. It features a subdued, brownish plumage and a pale eye ring. These solitary birds are often seen hopping on the ground in search of insects and small invertebrates. Their song is a melodious series of whistles.

喀拉哈里灌木知更鸟 (Cercotricha paena) 是一种原产于南部非洲喀拉哈里沙漠的小型鸟类。 它的特点是柔和的棕色羽毛和浅色眼环。 人们经常看到这些孤独的鸟类在地面上跳跃，寻找昆虫和小型无脊椎动物。 一系列悠扬的口哨声是他们的歌曲。

The long-toed lapwing (Vanellus crassirostris) has striking appearance features a black crown and nape, white face, and neck, contrasted by a black breastband and white belly. However, its most distinguishing feature is its unusually long, bright yellow legs and toes, which can exceed 10 centimeters in length. These specialized toes enable it to traverse marshes and muddy habitats with ease, where it searches for insects and small invertebrates in the substrate.

长趾鸻 (Vanellus crassirostris) 引人注目的外观是黑色的冠和颈背、白色的脸和脖子，与黑色的胸带和白色的腹部形成鲜明对比。 然而，它最显着的特征是异常长、亮黄色的腿和脚趾，长度可以超过10厘米。 这些特殊的脚趾使其能够轻松穿越沼泽和泥泞的栖息地，在泥浆中寻找昆虫和小型无脊椎动物。

The collared pratincole (Glareola pratincola) is a migratory bird species. These skilled fliers undertake long-distance migrations, wintering in sub-Saharan Africa. Found in Europe, Asia, and Africa, it primarily inhabits open grasslands and wetlands, where it hunts insects on the wing. It features a distinctive black collar around its neck, a white belly, and long wings.

领燕鸻 (Glareola pratincola) 是一种候鸟。这种技术娴熟的飞鸟长途迁徙，在撒哈拉以南非洲越冬。 它分布于欧洲、亚洲和非洲，主要栖息在开阔的草原和湿地，用翅膀捕食昆虫。

它的特征是脖子上有一个独特的黑色项圈、白色的腹部和长翅膀。

The spur-winged lapwing (Vanellus spinosus) is found in various parts of Africa, the Middle East, and southern Europe. It has a black crown, white face, and neck, contrasted by a black breastband and a conspicuous, bright yellow facial wattling with a red eye ring. Its name derives from the sharp, spiky spur on its wings, which it uses to defend its territory. Spur-winged lapwings are often seen in wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural areas, where they feed on insects and small invertebrates.

短翅鸻 (Vanellus spinosus)分布于非洲、中东和南欧各地。 它有黑色的王冠、白色的脸和脖子，与黑色的胸带和明显的亮黄色面部肉垂和红色眼圈形成鲜明对比。 它的名字来源于翅膀上尖锐的刺，它用它来保卫自己的领地。

短翅鸻常见于湿地、草原和农业区，以昆虫和小型无脊椎动物为食。

The crowned lapwing (Vanellus coronatus) is a species endemic to sub-Saharan Africa. Its name is derived from the beautiful crown of black feathers adorning its head. This lapwing boasts a distinctive appearance with white plumage on its face, neck, and underparts, sharply contrasting against a black breastband and crown. Crowned lapwings prefer open grasslands, savannas, wetlands, and agricultural areas, often near water sources. During the breeding season, they construct shallow ground nests and use vocalizations and displays to protect their territory.

冠鸻（Vanellus coronatus）是撒哈拉以南非洲的本土物种。 它的名字来源于它头上装饰着美丽的黑色羽毛冠。 这种鸟类拥有独特的外观，面部、颈部和下体有白色羽毛，与黑色胸带和头冠形成鲜明对比。

冠田鸡喜欢开阔的草原、稀树草原、湿地和农业区，通常靠近水源。 在繁殖季节，它们会在浅地面筑巢，利用发声和展示来保护自己的领地。

The Senegal lapwing (Vanellus lugubris) exhibits a striking black crown and nape, white face and neck, and black breastband. Its distinctive feature is its bright red eyes, adding to its allure. These lapwings prefer wetlands, grasslands, and riverbanks, often found near water sources. Their foraging behavior involves searching for insects, small invertebrates, and seeds in the muddy substrate. The Senegal lapwing’s vocalizations include a melodious “pee-pee-pee” call.

塞内加尔鸻 (Vanellus lugubris) 拥有引人注目的黑色头冠和颈背、白色面部和颈部以及黑色胸带。 它的显着特征是明亮的红色眼睛，增添了它的魅力。

这些鸟喜欢靠近水源的地方， 包括湿地、草原和河岸。它们在泥泞的泥土中的觅食， 寻找昆虫、小型无脊椎动物和种子。 塞内加尔鸻的叫声悠扬，发出类似“pee-pee-pee” 的声音。

The blacksmith lapwing (Vanellus armatus), also known as the blacksmith plover, is native to sub-Saharan Africa. Its name derives from its distinctive metallic call, which resembles the sound of a blacksmith’s hammer striking an anvil. This medium-sized lapwing has a black head, white face, and chestnut-brown wings. Blacksmith lapwings are often found near water sources like wetlands, rivers, and lakes, where they forage for insects and small invertebrates in the mud and shallow waters. They are known for their bold and noisy behavior, vigorously defending their territories and nests from potential threats.

铁匠鸻(Vanellus armatus)原产于撒哈拉以南非洲。 它的名字来源于它独特的金属叫声，类似于铁匠的锤子敲击铁砧的声音。 这种中等体型的鸟有黑色的头、白色的脸和栗棕色的翅膀。

铁匠鸻经常出现在湿地、河流和湖泊等水源附近，它们在泥浆和浅水中寻找昆虫和小型无脊椎动物。 它们以其大胆而吵闹的行为，积极保卫自己的领地和巢穴免受潜在威胁而闻名。

The African wattled lapwing (Vanellus senegallus), also known as Senegal wattled plover , boasts a striking combination of black and white plumage with a prominent red facial wattle and a yellow eye-ring. These warts, or wattles, give the bird its name. African wattled lapwings inhabit grasslands, wetlands, and savannas. They are known for their loud and incessant “peep-peep” calls, which are used to defend territories and communicate with other lapwings. These birds primarily feed on insects and small invertebrates, often foraging in muddy areas and wet grasslands.

非洲肉垂鸻 (Vanellus senegallus)，也被称为塞内加尔垂鸻，拥有引人注目的黑白羽毛组合、突出的红色面部肉垂和黄色眼环。 这种鸟因这些疣或肉垂而得名。它们以响亮且持续不断的“呜呜”叫声而闻名，这种叫声用于保卫领地并与其他鸻交流。

非洲肉垂鸻栖息于草原、湿地和稀树草原。 这些鸟类经常在泥泞地区和潮湿的草原上觅食， 主要捕捉昆虫和小型无脊椎动物为生。

The African jacana (Actophilornis africanus), often simply called the “jacana,” is native to sub-Saharan Africa. It has elongated toes, which enable it to walk on floating vegetation. This bird is often referred to as the “Jesus bird” due to its apparent ability to “walk on water.” Jacanas have striking plumage, with a chestnut body, black wings, and a white face and neck. They inhabit freshwater wetlands, swamps, and ponds, where they forage for aquatic insects, invertebrates, and plant material.

非洲雉鴴 （长脚雉鸻，非洲水雉）（Actophilornis africanus）通常简称为“水雉”，原产于撒哈拉以南非洲。 它的细长脚趾使得它能够在漂浮的植被上行走。 这种鸟通常被称为“耶稣鸟”，因为它具有“在水上行走”的显著能力。 水雉有着引人注目的羽毛，栗色的身体，黑色的翅膀，白色的脸和脖子。

它们栖息在淡水湿地、沼泽和池塘中，以水生昆虫、无脊椎动物和植物材料为食。

The secretary bird (Sagittarius serpentarius), also known as the snake vulture, snake vulture, crane vulture and snake-catching vulture, is a large and terrestrial raptor endemic to Africa. It inhabits the grasslands and savannahs of sub-Saharan Africa. Its name, secretary bird, comes from resemblance of a secretary with a quill in her ear. Another theory is that the English word “secretary” is a French misusing from the Arabic word “hunting bird”.  This bird has eagle-like head and crane-like legs.  Prey includes insects, rabbits, lizards, snakes, rats, frogs, baby birds and bird eggs, and sometimes even dead animals. The bird has long been valued in Africa for its striking appearance and ability to handle pests and snakes. The Heraldry of South Africa and Sudan has the symbol of this bird symbol, telling its highly valued status.

秘书鸟 （Sagittarius serpentarius），又名蛇鹫、猎蛇鹫、鹤鹫和捕蛇鹫，是一种非洲特有的大型及陆生的猛禽，一般栖息在撒哈拉以南非洲的草原及大草原。蛇鹫之所谓秘书鸟，是因其冠像以往秘书把羽毛笔放在耳上的姿态。另一说法是指英文「秘书」一词是来自阿拉伯文「猎鸟」的法文讹用。

蛇鹫的身体像鹰，脚像鹤。猎物包括昆虫、兔、蜥蜴、蛇、鼠、蛙、幼鸟及鸟蛋，有时甚至会吃动物尸体。

由于蛇鹫突出的外表及处理害虫和蛇的能力，它们在非洲一直都被受推崇。在南非及苏丹的纹章上是有蛇鹫标志， 可见其地位。

The white-browed sparrow-weaver (Plocepasser mahali) is a sociable and highly social bird species found in southern Africa. Its name is derived from the distinctive white stripe above its eye. These small, brownish birds are known for their intricate, communal nests, which resemble large haystacks and serve as communal homes for multiple individuals. They are often seen foraging on the ground for seeds and insects. White-browed sparrow-weavers exhibit a complex social structure within their colonies, with designated individuals responsible for defense and maintenance of their unique nests.

白眉织雀（Plocepasser mahali）是一种生活在南部非洲的群居性和高度社会性的鸟类。 它的名字来源于它眼睛上方独特的白色条纹。

这些褐色的小鸟以其复杂的公共巢穴而闻名，巢穴类似于大干草堆，可作为多个个体的公共住所。 人们经常看到它们在地面上寻找种子和昆虫。

白眉织雀在其群体中表现出复杂的社会结构，每个个体有负责防御和维护巢穴等其独特的功能。

The Cape sparrow, also known as the mossie (Passer melanurus), is a charming bird species endemic to southern Africa. Recognized by its distinctive appearance, males boast striking plumage with chestnut crowns and napes, black throats, and white cheeks. In contrast, females have plainer, more subdued coloring. These sparrows are highly adaptable and have successfully integrated into urban environments, where they thrive on a diet of seeds, insects, and scraps.

开普麻雀，也称为苔雀（Passer melanurus），是南部非洲特有的迷人鸟类。 雄性有独特的外观，引人注目的羽毛，栗色的头冠和颈背、黑色的喉咙和白色的脸颊。 相比之下，雌性的体色更朴素、更柔和。

这些麻雀适应性极强，已成功融入城市环境里，能以种子、昆虫和残渣为食，种群兴盛。

Speke’s weaver (Ploceus spekei) is a familiar East African songbird, named after the famous British explorer John Hanning Speke, and notable for its distinctive appearance and weaving skills, They exhibit sexual dimorphism: males have striking black and yellow plumage, while females are more subtly colored with streaked brown and yellow. Speke’s weavers can make intricate, gourd-shaped nests, meticulously woven from grass and often found hanging from acacia trees. These communal nests serve as both breeding and roosting sites.

斯皮克织雀（Ploceus spekei）是一种常见的东非鸣鸟，冠以英国著名探险家约翰·汉宁·斯皮克的名字，以其独特的外观和编织技艺而闻名。 此种织雀的外形依性别不同而迥异：雄性具有引人注目的黑色和黄色羽毛，而雌性则具有更微妙的棕色和黄色条纹。

斯皮克织雀可以用草精心编织出复杂的葫芦形巢穴，挂在金合欢树上。 这些公共巢穴既可以作为生儿育女的地方，也可以作为日常栖息地。

The White-headed Buffalo-Weaver (Dinemellia dinemelli) is native to arid regions of East Africa. It has distinctive white head, black body, and bright red eyes. These social birds are known for their complex communal nests, which can house multiple pairs in a cooperative breeding arrangement. They forage on the ground for seeds, insects, and fruits, often in small flocks. With a preference for acacia-rich habitats, these weavers play a important role in seed dispersal and ecosystem maintenance.

白头水牛织雀(Dinemellia dinemelli)原生于东非干旱地区。 它有独特的白色头部、黑色身体和鲜红色的眼睛。 已知这些群居鸟类构建复杂的公共巢穴, 安排容纳多对鸟类以利合作繁殖。 它们在地面上寻找种子、昆虫和水果，通常成小群出行。

这些织雀偏爱金合欢(刺槐)繁茂的栖息地，对种子传播和维护生态系统维护有着重要作用。

The Speckled Mousebird (Colius striatus) is a distinctive bird found in sub-Saharan Africa. Sporting a long, tailless body, it exhibits a mottled plumage of gray and brown, adorned with striking white speckles. Its name derives from its mouse-like appearance and its gregarious nature, often seen in small, chattering groups. Primarily herbivorous, this avian species feeds on fruits, berries, and leaves, contributing to seed dispersal in its ecosystem. Renowned for their unique “climbing” behavior, they use their prehensile feet to navigate branches, resembling small primates.

斑鼠鸟（Colius striatus）是一种在撒哈拉以南非洲发现的独特鸟类。 它身体长而无尾，羽毛呈灰色和棕色斑驳，并饰有醒目的白色斑点。 它的名字来源于它像老鼠的外表和群居的天性，经常叽叽喳喳以小群体出没。

这种鸟类主要是草食性的，以水果、浆果和树叶为食，有助于种子在其生态系统中的传播。 它们的“攀爬”行为非常独特，可以像小型灵长类动物一样用可抓握的脚在树枝上游逛。

The fork-tailed drongo (Dicrurus adsimilis), is also called the common drongo or African drongo，found in Africa south of the Sahara. It features distinctive thin forked tails, reddish-brown eyes, and a glossy black plumage. Its habitants include woodlands and savannas. Their vocal repertoire mimics the calls of other birds, insects, and even mammals to deceive and deter potential predators or attract insects for an easy meal. These birds often perches near larger animals to snatch insects disturbed by their movements. Their cooperative behavior extends to forming mixed-species foraging flocks.

叉尾唐戈（Dicrurus adsimilis）也被称为美洲黄芩或非洲黄芩, 居住在撒哈拉以南非洲。 该物种的物理特征是细细的叉状尾巴、红棕色的眼睛和全身黑色的羽毛。

它栖息于树木繁茂的栖息地，特别是森林和稀树草原。 它们模仿其他鸟类、昆虫甚至哺乳动物的叫声来欺骗和阻止潜在的捕食者或吸引昆虫作为一顿美餐。 这些鸟经常栖息在较大的动物附近，捕捉受到其活动干扰的昆虫。 它们与其它动物合作，可以组成混合物种， 一起觅食。

The Southern Black Flycatcher (Melaenornis pammelaina) is a small, insect-eating bird native to Southern Africa. With its understated appearance, featuring mainly dark brown plumage and a subtle white eye ring, it blends into its woodland and scrubland habitats. These birds are known for their solitary nature, usually seen alone or in pairs. They perches on branches, darting out to snatch flying prey. Due to its wide range and stable population, the bird is listed as a species of least concern on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List.

南部黑鹟 (Melaenornis pammelaina) 是一种小型食虫鸟，原产于南部非洲。 它有着低调的外观，主要以深棕色的羽毛和微妙的白色眼环为特征，与其林地和灌木丛栖息地混然天成。

这些鸟以其独居的天性而闻名，通常单独或成对出现。 它们栖息在树枝上，猛冲出去捕捉飞行的猎物。

由于其范围广泛且种群稳定，黑鹟被国际自然保护联盟红色名录列为最不受关注的物种。

D’Arnaud’s Barbet (Trachylaemus darnaudii) is a striking bird species found in the eastern region of Africa, particularly in countries like Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, and Tanzania. This medium-sized barbet stands out with its vivid plumage, featuring a combination of black, red, and yellow colors. Its distinctive call, resembling a repetitive “tuk-tuk-tuk” sound, echoes through the woodlands and savannas where it resides. D’Arnaud’s Barbets are known for their penchant for fruit, often seen feasting on various types, especially during the dry season when fruit is abundant.

达诺巴贝特(Trachylaemus darnudii）是在非洲东部地区发现的鸟类，特别是在埃塞俄比亚、索马里、肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚等国家。

这中中等体型的巴贝鸟有鲜艳的羽毛， 其颜色是黑色、红色和黄色的组合。 它独特的叫声类似于重复的“嘟嘟嘟”声音，常常回响在它居住的林地和稀树草原。

达诺巴贝特喜爱水果，经常可以看到它们以各种水果为食，尤其是在水果丰富的旱季。

The Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) and Speckled Pigeon (Columba guinea) are two distinctive avian species commonly encountered in various African regions.

The Laughing Dove, small and dainty, is known for its soft, rhythmic cooing, often described as resembling a human laugh. Its delicate, pinkish-brown plumage and white underparts make it an endearing presence in urban areas, where it frequently frequents gardens and parks. These doves are seed-eaters but may also feed on insects and small fruits.

In contrast, the Speckled Pigeon is a larger, more robust bird with a speckled grayish-blue plumage adorned with distinctive white spots. Found in rocky habitats and cliffs, they are skilled fliers and nest on ledges. Their cooing is a bit deeper and more resonant than that of the Laughing Dove.

笑斑鸠（Spilopelia senegalensis）和斑点鸽（Columba guinea）是非洲各地区常见的两种独特的鸟类。

笑鸽小巧玲珑，以其柔和、有节奏的咕咕声而闻名，通常被描述为类似于人类的笑声。 它经常出没于花园和公园， 其精致的粉棕色羽毛和白色的腹部体使其在城市地区成为一种可爱一景。这些鸽子以种子为食，但也可能以昆虫和小水果为食。

相比之下，斑点鸽是一种体型更大、更健壮的鸟类，羽毛呈灰蓝色，上面点缀着独特的白色斑点。 它们生活在岩石栖息地和悬崖上，飞行技术高超，在壁架上筑巢。 它们的咕咕声比笑鸽的声音更深沉、更响亮。

The Grey Go-away-bird (Corythaixoides concolor) is native to sub-Saharan Africa. It features slate-gray plumage, prominent black tail, and distinctive crest of feathers on its head, it stands out in its habitat.

Its onomatopoeic name, “Go-away-bird,” comes from its unmistakable call, which sounds like it’s saying “go-away” repeatedly. This vocal bird uses its calls for communication and to alert other wildlife to potential threats.

Feeding primarily on fruits, leaves, and flowers, the Grey Go-away-bird is an essential seed disperser in its ecosystem.

灰走鸟（Corythaixoides concolor）原产于撒哈拉以南非洲。它的特点是板灰色的羽毛、突出的黑色尾巴和头上独特的羽冠，在栖息地中很引人注目。

它的拟声名字“走开鸟”来自于它直白的叫声，听起来就像它在反复说英文“走开”。 这种鸟善用它的叫声进行交流，并提醒其他野生动物注意潜在的威胁。

灰走鸟主要以水果、树叶和花朵为食，是其生态系统中不可缺少的种子传播者。

The Hadeda Ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) is found in sub-Saharan Africa. Measuring around 76 centimeters in length, it boasts striking plumage with iridescent shades of green, blue, and purple. Its most distinctive feature is its loud and resonant “haa-haa-haa-de-dah” call, often heard at dawn and dusk, earning it the nickname “Hadeda.”

These omnivorous birds primarily feed on insects, small mammals, frogs, and plant matter. Hadeda Ibises are social birds, often seen in pairs or small groups. They build large stick nests in trees, on cliffs, or even rooftops, where they lay two to three eggs. Due to its wide and stable population in Africa, the bird is listed as a species of not-in -danger by the International Union for Conservation.

凤头鹮 (Bostrychia hagedash) 见于撒哈拉以南非洲。 它身长约 76 厘米，拥有引人注目的绿色、蓝色和紫色彩虹色羽毛。 它最显着的特点是它响亮而响亮的“哈哈哈哈德达”叫声，经常在黎明和黄昏时被听到，因此被称为“哈迪达”。

这些杂食性鸟类主要以昆虫、小型哺乳动物、青蛙和植物为食。 哈迪达鹮是群居鸟类，经常成对或小群出现。 它们在树上、悬崖上甚至屋顶上筑起大型木棍巢，并在那里产下两到三个蛋。

凤头鹮广泛分布在非洲，故世界自然保护联盟将它们列为无危。

The glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) is a medium-sized wading bird characterized by its stunning iridescent plumage. Its plumage is sleek, dark with shades of deep purples, greens, and bronze, particularly when the bird catches the sunlight. Glossy ibises are commonly found in wetland habitats across the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia, where they use their long, curved bills to probe the mud and shallow waters for aquatic invertebrates, crustaceans, and small fish. They often forage in groups and are known for their distinctive, metallic calls. Their elegant appearance and graceful flight make them a captivating sight in wetland ecosystems worldwide.

彩鹮 (Plegadis falcinellus) 是一种中等体型的涉水鸟类，其特征是其艳丽的彩虹色羽毛。 它的羽毛光滑呈深紫色、绿色和青铜色，尤其是当它们沐浴在阳光下时。

彩鹮常见于美洲、欧洲、非洲和亚洲的湿地栖息地，它们用长而弯曲的喙在泥浆和浅水中探测水生无脊椎动物、甲壳类动物和小鱼。 它们经常成群结队地觅食，有其独特的金属叫声。

它们雅致的外观和优美的飞翔为全球湿地生态系统中迷人的一景。

The African sacred ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus) is a wading bird native to various areas of Africa and some parts of Iraq, Iran, and Kuwait. Its appearance is characterized by white plumage, a long curved bill, and black facial skin. This bird holds cultural significance, particularly in ancient Egypt, where it was associated with the god Thoth and revered to the extent that it was often mummified as part of religious rituals, but this species has become extinct. African sacred ibises are commonly found in wetlands, marshes, and coastal areas, where they feed on a diet of fish, insects, and small aquatic organisms. They are known for their gregarious behavior, often seen in large flocks, and their distinctive, resonating croaking calls. While historically revered, in some areas, they are considered pests due to their foraging habits in agricultural fields.

非洲圣鹮（Threskiornis aethiopicus）是鹮属的一种涉水鸟类。 它原产于非洲大部分地区以及伊拉克、伊朗和科威特的小部分地区。它的外观特征是白色的羽毛、长而弯曲的喙和黑色的面部皮肤。 这种鸟具有文化意义，特别是在古埃及，它与托特神联系在一起，受到人们的尊敬，以至于它经常被制成木乃伊作为宗教仪式的一部分, 但是该物种目前已从埃及灭绝。

非洲圣鹮常见于湿地、沼泽和沿海地区，以鱼类、昆虫和小型水生生物为食。 它们以其群居行为而闻名，经常成群结队，并发出独特的、有共鸣的嘎嘎叫声。

虽然它们在历史上受到尊敬，但在某些地区，由于它们在农田中觅食的习惯，它们被认为是害虫。

The white-bellied bustard (Eupodotis senegalensis) is native to sub-Saharan Africa, known for its unique appearance and behavior. It features a white belly, contrasting with brown and black plumage on its upper body, and distinctive long neck feathers that form a “mane.” These birds inhabit grasslands, savannas, and open areas, where they forage for a diet primarily composed of insects, seeds, and small vertebrates. White-bellied bustards are known for their elaborate courtship displays, involving puffing up their neck feathers, strutting, and emitting booming calls to attract mates. This behavior, along with their remarkable plumage, makes them an iconic and fascinating species within African ecosystems.

白腹鸨（Eupodotis senegalensis）是一种原产于撒哈拉以南非洲的鸟类，以其独特的外观和行为而闻名。 它的腹部为白色，与上半身的棕色和黑色羽毛形成鲜明对比，它独特的长颈羽毛形成“鬃毛”一样的东西。

这些鸟类栖息在草原、稀树草原和开阔地区，主要以昆虫、种子和小型脊椎动物为食。

白腹鸨有极其复杂的求偶表演，包括鼓起颈部羽毛、昂首阔步、发出轰鸣的叫声来吸引配偶。 这种行为加上它们非凡的羽毛，使它们成为非洲生态系统中标志性且迷人的物种。

The Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is a magnificent bird of prey renowned for its powerful and majestic appearance. With a wingspan of up to 7.5 feet and a weight of 6 to 15 pounds, it is one of the largest eagles globally.

Golden Eagles are found across North America, Europe, Asia, and parts of North Africa, inhabiting remote, mountainous regions. Their keen eyesight allows them to spot prey from high altitudes, primarily hunting mammals like rabbits, hares, and ground squirrels. They employ incredible speed and agility during their aerial attacks, reaching speeds of up to 150 miles per hour.

Golden Eagles are known for their impressive courtship displays involving skyward spirals and dives. These birds hold significant cultural and symbolic importance in many cultures and are revered for their grace and strength as apex predators.

金雕（Aquila chrysaetos）是一种威武的猛禽，以其强大而雄伟的外观而闻名。 它的翼展长达 7.5 英尺，体重为 6 至 15 磅，是全球最大的鹰之一。

金雕遍布北美、欧洲、亚洲和北非部分地区，栖息在偏远山区。 它们敏锐的视力使它们能够从高海拔地区发现猎物，主要捕猎兔子、野兔和地松鼠等哺乳动物。 他们在空中攻击时拥有令人难以置信的速度和敏捷性，速度可达每小时 150 英里。

金雕求偶表演，包括空中螺旋和俯冲， 令人印象深刻。 这些鸟类在许多文化中都具有重要的文化和象征意义，并因其作为顶级掠食者的优雅和力量而受到尊敬。

The Bateleur (Terathopius ecaudatus) is a bird of prey native to sub-Saharan Africa. This medium-sized eagle stands out with its vibrant plumage, featuring a black body, white undertail coverts, strikingly bright red facial skin and legs, and short tail that is distinct from others while flying. The word “Bateleur” is French for “tightrope walker,” describing its distinctive wobbling flight.

These birds primarily feed on small mammals, birds, and carrion, and their keen eyesight aids in spotting prey from great heights. They build nests in trees and lay only one egg at a time, which will be incubated by the female for 42-43 days. The chicks will grow feathers 90-125 days after birth. The Bateleurs spend their entire lives with a partner, staying in the same nest for many years. Unfortunately, Bateleurs face threats from habitat loss and poisoning, making them a species of conservation concern.

短尾雕 (Terahopius ecaudatus) 是一种原产于撒哈拉以南非洲的猛禽。 这种中等体型的鹰有黑色的身体、白色的尾下覆羽以及引人注目的鲜红色面部皮肤和腿部, 尾巴如其名般很短，飞行时很易辨别。 “Bateleur”这个词在法语中是“走钢丝的人”的意思，描述了它独特的摇摆飞行。

短尾雕主要以小型哺乳动物、鸟类和腐肉为食，敏锐的视力有助于从高处发现猎物。 它们在树上筑巢，每次只会生下一颗蛋，会由雌雕孵化42-43天，雏雕出生后的90-125天会长出羽毛。短尾雕一生都会与伴侣生活，在同一个巢居住好些年日。

不幸的是，短尾雕面临栖息地丧失和毒物的威胁，使它们成为受保护的物种。

The African Harrier-Hawk (Polyboroides typus), often referred to as the Gymnogene, is a distinctive raptor native to sub-Saharan Africa. This medium-sized bird of prey stands out with its unique appearance, characterized by a pale grey plumage, striking facial markings, and distinctive double-jointed legs that can bend backward. The intertarsal joint of the African Harrier-Hawk can bend forward 30° (this joint of birds in general can only bend backward), so it can use one foot to climb the tree hole, and the other foot to reach into the hole to retrieve chicks or small mammals including rats. They are renowned for their dexterity and intelligence in foraging, using their long, slender bills to access crevices in search of food.

非洲鹞鹰（Polyboroidestypus）通常被称为 Gymnogene，是一种原产于撒哈拉以南非洲的独特猛禽。 这种中型猛禽以其独特的外观，其特点是浅灰色的羽毛、醒目的面部斑纹和独特的可向后弯曲的双关节腿。

这种鹰的跗间关节可以向前弯曲30°（一般鸟类该关节只能向后弯曲），故可以用一只脚攀住树洞，另一只脚伸进洞内掏取雏鸟或鼠类。 它们可以用细长的喙进入裂缝寻找食物，觅食非常时的灵巧和有智慧。

The Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) is a small, scavenging bird found in sub-Saharan Africa. It is easily identifiable by its distinctive appearance, characterized by a wrinkled, bare-skinned head covered with a dark “hood” of feathers, and a predominantly brown plumage. Hooded Vultures are essential in their ecosystems as efficient scavengers, helping to clean up carrion and organic waste. However, they face significant threats from habitat loss, poisoning, and the illegal wildlife trade. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect these unique vultures, as their decline could disrupt ecological balance and sanitation in their native habitats, where they play a vital role as nature’s cleanup crew.

连帽秃鹫（Necrosyrtes monachus）是一种小型食腐鸟类，生活在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。 它很容易通过其独特的外观来识别，其特征是满是皱纹、裸露的头部覆盖着黑色的羽毛“罩”，以及主要为棕色的羽毛。 连帽秃鹫作为高效的清道夫，在其生态系统中至关重要，有助于清理腐肉和有机废物。

然而，它们面临着栖息地丧失、中毒和非法野生动物贸易的严重威胁。 保护工作对于保护这些独特的秃鹫至关重要，因为它们在自然栖息地中发挥着重要的清理作用，所以它们的数量减少可能会破坏其原生栖息地的生态平衡和卫生。

The African Fish Eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer) is an iconic raptor species found near freshwater bodies throughout sub-Saharan Africa. It is about 60–66 centimeters (24–26 in) in length. Recognizable by its striking appearance, it boasts a distinctive white head and tail, contrasting with a dark brown body and a sharp, curved beak. This bird is renowned for its evocative and melodious “sueee-sueee-sueee” call, often heard near lakes and rivers. As its name suggests, the African Fish Eagle is a formidable fish hunter. It soars high above water bodies, scanning for fish near the surface. With impressive aerial skills, it swoops down to grasp fish with its powerful talons.

The African Fish Eagle symbolizes the continent’s wildlife and is often associated with its waterways and abundant aquatic life. It plays a vital role in maintaining the health of aquatic ecosystems and is considered a symbol of pride and conservation in Africa.

非洲鱼鹰（Haliaeetus vocifer）是一种标志性的猛禽物种，在整个撒哈拉以南非洲的淡水水体附近都有发现。它身长约为 60-66 厘米（24-26 英寸）。它拥有引人注目的外观而，独特的白色头部和尾巴，与深棕色的身体和锋利弯曲的喙相映形成辉。 这种鸟以其令人回味和悠扬的“sueee-sueee-sueee”叫声而闻名，经常在湖泊和河流附近听到。

顾名思义，非洲鱼鹰是强大的鱼类猎手。 它在水体上方翱翔，扫描水面附近的鱼类。 凭借令人印象深刻的空中技巧，俯冲下来，用强大的爪子抓住鱼。

非洲鱼鹰象征着非洲大陆的野生动物，通常与该大陆的水道和丰富的水生生物联系在一起。 它在维持水生生态系统的健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用，被认为是非洲自豪和物种保护的象征。

The Southern Ground Hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri) is a bird native to southern Africa’s savannas and woodlands. They have a large body and are the heaviest species in the same family of hornbills, and are one of the largest species together with the ground hornbill. They feature black plumage, bright red facial skin, and a prominent casque on its bill. They usually lay 2 eggs each time, and the incubation period is about 37-43 days, but they only nurse one baby every 9-10 years on average. Southern Ground Hornbills are omnivorous, preying on insects, small mammals, reptiles, and fruits. They play a vital role in ecosystem health by controlling pest populations and aiding in seed dispersal.

This red-faced ground hornbill has many symbols among the local people. They are regarded by some people as an unfortunate symbol of death and destruction, and regarded by other cultures as guardians who can protect themselves from lightning and drought.

However, their numbers have been declining, due in part to killing by people, habitat destruction, cultural beliefs, and other factors. They are listed globally as ‘Vulnerable’ by the IUCN as of 2018, and as ‘Endangered’ in some African countries.

南部地犀鸟或红脸地犀鸟(Bucorvus Leadbeateri) 是一种原产于南部非洲稀树草原和林地的鸟类。 它们体型庞大，是同一犀鸟科中最重的物种，与地犀鸟并称为最大的物种之一。 它们的特点是黑色的羽毛、鲜红色的面部皮肤和喙上有一个突出的头盔。 它们通常每次产下2枚蛋，孵化期约为37-43天，但平均每9-10年才哺育1只幼崽。

南方地犀鸟是杂食性的，捕食昆虫、小型哺乳动物、爬行动物和水果。 它们通过控制害虫种群和帮助种子传播，在生态系统健康中发挥着至关重要的作用。 这种红脸地犀鸟在当地人心中有很多象征意义。 它们被一些人视为死亡和破坏的不幸象征，而被其他文化视为可以保护自己免受闪电和干旱侵害的守护者。

然而，它们的数量一直在下降，部分原因是人类捕杀、栖息地破坏、文化信仰和其他因素。 截至 2018 年，它们在全球被 《国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》列为“易危”物种，在一些非洲国家被列为“濒危”物种。

The African Darter (Anhinga rufa) is a waterbird native to sub-Saharan Africa. Characterized by its long, slender neck and pointed bill, it can reach lengths of up to 80 centimeters. Unlike many waterbirds, the African Darter doesn’t have waterproof feathers, relying on its ability to regulate buoyancy to dive underwater for extended periods. With sharp eyesight, it hunts a diet consisting mainly of fish and amphibians.

While not immediately threatened, the African Darter faces challenges due to habitat loss, pollution, and habitat degradation. These factors can disrupt their foraging grounds and nesting sites.

非洲蛇鹈或红蛇鹈或镖鲈 (Anhinga rufa）是一种原产于撒哈拉以南非洲的水鸟。 其特点是颈部细长，喙尖，长度可达80厘米。

与许多水鸟不同，非洲蛇鹈或红蛇鹈或镖鲈没有防水羽毛，依靠其调节浮力的能力来长时间潜入水下。 它视力敏锐，主要捕食鱼类和两栖动物。

虽然非洲蛇鹈或红蛇鹈或镖鲈没有马上的生存威胁，但它面临着栖息地丧失、污染和栖息地退化带来的挑战。 这些因素可能会破坏它们的觅食地和巢穴。

The Lesser Moorhen (Gallinula angulata) is a small waterbird inhabiting wetlands and freshwater bodies across parts of Africa. Measuring around 25 to 30 centimeters in length, it is characterized by its dark plumage, red frontal shield, and bright yellow legs.

This species primarily feeds on aquatic plants, insects, and small invertebrates found in its aquatic habitats. Lesser Moorhens are agile swimmers and divers, using their long toes to navigate through dense aquatic vegetation.

Currently, the Lesser Moorhen is not considered threatened.

小黑水鸡（Gallinula angulata）又名红冠水鸡, 是一种小型水鸟，栖息在非洲部分地区的湿地和淡水水体中。 它身长约 25 至 30 厘米，其特点是深色羽毛、红色额盾和亮黄色腿。

该物种主要以水生栖息地中的水生植物、昆虫和小型无脊椎动物为食。 小黑水鸡是敏捷的游泳者和潜水者，它们用长脚趾在茂密的水生植被中航行。

目前，小黑水鸡不被认为是受威胁的物种。

The Helmeted Guineafowl (Numida meleagris) is a distinctive, ground-dwelling bird native to sub-Saharan Africa. Measuring approximately 53 to 58 centimeters in length, it has a dark, speckled body covered in small white dots, with a bare, blue-black head adorned with bony protrusions that resemble a helmet. These social birds are highly adaptable and often found in savannas, grasslands, and forests. They forage for a varied diet of insects, seeds, and small invertebrates.

Helmeted Guineafowls are not considered globally vulnerable.

珠鸡（Numida meleagris）是一种独特的地栖鸟类，原产于撒哈拉以南非洲。 它身长约 53 至 58 厘米，黑色、有斑点的身体上布满了小白点，裸露的蓝黑色头部装饰着类似头盔的骨突起。

这些群居鸟类的适应性很强，经常出现在稀树草原、草原和森林中。 它们以昆虫、种子和小型无脊椎动物为食。

珠鸡不被认为是全球易危物种。